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Hyderabad
is a city, district and division in the Sind province. The city is an
administrative headquarters lying on the most northern hill of the Ganjo Takkar
ridge just east of the River Indus. Being the third largest city of Pakistan,
Hyderabad is a communication center, connected by rail with Peshawar and
Karachi.
Founded
in 1768 on the site of the ancient town of Nirun-Kot by Ghulam Shah Kalhora, the
saintly ruler of Sind, it was named after the prophet Mohammed's son-in-law,
Ali, also known as Haidar. It remained the capital of Sind under the Talpur
rulers who succeeded the Kalhoras till 1843 when, after the nearby battles of
Miani and Dabo, it surrendered to the British, the capital was then transferred
to Karachi.
Incorporated
as a municipality in 1853, it is an important commercial and industrial center.
Its economic activities include textile, sugar, cement, and hosiery mills,
manufacturing of glass, soap, ice, paper, and plastics. There are hide tanneries
and sawmills. Ornamented silks, silver-work, gold-work and lacquer ware are also
some of its exclusive products. Noteworthy antiquities include the tombs of the
Kalhora and Talpur ruler, palaces of the former amirs of Sind. Newly developed
settlements and industrial estates surround the congested old city area. An
noteworthy characteristic of this city is, badgirs (wind-catchers) fixed to
housetops to catch sea breezes during the hot summer season. A hospital,
municipal gardens, zoo, sports stadium, and several literary societies are in
the city. The University of Sind with 32 affiliated colleges was founded in 1947
in Karachi and moved to Hyderabad in 1951, where it lies across the Indus. Other
education needs are served by numerous government colleges, the Liaquat Medical
College and specialized vocational institutions.
Its
remained the capital of the emirate of sind until the British general Sir
Charles James Napier conquered Sindh in 1843. From 1947 to 1955 Hyderabad was
the capital of Sindh Province, the new capital was shifted to Hyderabad. In 1766
the Kalhora ruler constructed a fort half a square km in area and still stands
today. In 1843 the British arrived and defeate the Talpurs, Completing their
Conquest of Sindh.
It's
also a second largest city of Sindh Province. It has over 6 Millions population.
The city has one of the most interesting bazaar of the country, which is known
to be the longest bazaar in Asia. There are two very well arranged ethnological
museums in the city One The Sindh Museum and the other the Institute of
Sindhology Museum. Both museums present an excellent portrait of cultural and
tribal life of Sindh. The city is transit point for the tours from Karachi to
the Interior of Sindh A visit to Kalhora Monuments close to the city gate is
worth a visit, Mausoleums are beautifully decorated with glazed tiles and
frescos. There are also two forts from 18th & 19th Century to see here.
Famous
for its cool breeze and balmy nights, and known for its Bombay Bakery Cakes, Its
dellcate bangles and the paagalkhana called Giddu Bandar, Hyderabad is Sindh's
Second largest city, a city its inhabitants claim is the most beautiful in the
world, Its spacious houses are known for their manghan, roshandans or
ventillators and it is also known as "mangham jo shahar."
'The
heart of Sindh' as many call Hyderabad, was the former capital of SIndh, ruled
by the Kalhoras and Talpurs from the Pucca Qila until the British conquest.
A nerve center of Sindhi nationalist and literary movements, the city is now divided along on Sindhi-Mohajir lines to the extent that the warning ethnic groups even have different hospitals and in many cases, even their places of worship and graveyards are divided. The original old city, now dominated by the mohajirs, seems besieged by the surrounding Sindhi suburbs. At one time a hub of economic, educational and cultural activities, a breeding ground of academicians, philanthropists, writers, lawyers, politicians, journalists, actors and actresses, Hyderabad also had its industrialists, trade unionists, political activists, bureaucrats, bankers and diplomats who made a significant contribution to sub continental society. But this gracious city now seems to be slowly dying, although it still produces over a couple of dozen major and minor newspapers in both Sindhi and Urdu.
Hyderabad, once the capital of Sindh and now the third largest city of Pakistan, is one of the oldest cities of the sub-continent. Its history dates back to pre-Islamic times, when Ganjo Taken (barren hill), a nearby hilly trract, was used as a place of worship. The city traces its early history to Neroon, a Hindu ruler of the area from whom the city derived its previous name, "Neroon Kot".
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